Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are subjected to a lot of uncertainties from influent and operation conditions, which makes difficult to compare control strategies. The comparison is only valid when the same plant and the same conditions are used. Therefore, the Benchmarking Simulation Models (BSMs) are proposed with defined plant layout, bioreaction models, influent loads, operation conditions and evaluation criteria.
The most frequently used BSMs include BSM1, BSM1_LT and BSM2. BSM1 is a simple model composed of a five-compartment activated sludge reactor and a secondary settler. The activated sludge reactor consists of two anoxic units and three aerobic units. BSM1_LT extends the evaluation period of BSM1. BSM2 is a plant-scale model, including the wastewater treatment by activated sludge as in BSM1 and the sludge treatment by an anaerobic digester.